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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*satanface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thigh, hipface="Times New Roman Star"áåäðî

face="Times New Roman Star"satan
face="Times New Roman Star"satan (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"satan



face="Times New Roman Star"sodanú 'buttocks, behind'










face="Times New Roman Star"satan

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 405, ÝÑÒß 7, Ëåêñèêà 281, Àøì. XI, 211.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"peaceface="Times New Roman Star"ìèðface="Times New Roman Star"baz (Orkh.)


face="Times New Roman Star"baz (Qutb, AH)
















face="Times New Roman Star"bad|-a- 'to be shy'face="Times New Roman Star"baz-a-ma 'shelter, secure place'
face="Times New Roman Star"baz; baz-la- 'to comfort, console'


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 388 (together with baz 'an alien'), VEWT 62, 66.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bil/c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to stir up, churn (milk, butter)face="Times New Roman Star"ïîìåøèâàòü, âçáèâàòü (ìîëîêî, ìàñëî), ïàõòàòü


face="Times New Roman Star"pes?- (Ñèá., Òóìàøåâà 180)
face="Times New Roman Star"pis?kak 'churn pestle'


face="Times New Roman Star"pis?ek 'churn pestle', -le- 'to churn'



face="Times New Roman Star"p@z/er- 'to hit, beat'face="Times New Roman Star"bis- 'to smear'face="Times New Roman Star"bis- 'to smear'

face="Times New Roman Star"bys?- / bis?-; bis?kek 'churn-staff for kumis'face="Times New Roman Star"pis-face="Times New Roman Star"piskek 'churn-staff'face="Times New Roman Star"bes?e- 'to churn; to beat', bes?ka"k 'churn-staff'


face="Times New Roman Star"pis-; piskek 'a big churn'

face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 309-310, Stachowski 61, Àøì. X, 241-242. In a part of languages the root merges with *bil/c?- "to ripen"; it differs from the latter by its original transitivity and consequent front vocalism.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"mu"l-du"ru"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"breastplateface="Times New Roman Star"íàãðóäíèê




face="Times New Roman Star"o.mildiriqface="Times New Roman Star"o"mu"ldu"ru"k











face="Times New Roman Star"o"mu"ldu"ru"kface="Times New Roman Star"o"mildirik
face="Times New Roman Star"u"melderek





face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 530, Ëåêñèêà 553.
face="Times New Roman Star"*saja-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to be rare, thinned outface="Times New Roman Star"áûòü ðåäêèì, ïðîðåæåííûì


face="Times New Roman Star"sajyq- (dial.) 'to become rare', sajaq 'rare'





face="Times New Roman Star"saja-
face="Times New Roman Star"saja-
face="Times New Roman Star"sojak (dial.) 'bastard'






face="Times New Roman Star"hajaq 'rare' (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 395, TMN 3, 306, ÝÑÒß 7. The root is not widely attested, but its likely derivative is *saja-k 'young male horses separated from the herd; lonely man, wanderer', spread much wider (see ÝÑÒß 7). Chuv. sojak definitely reflects the same form and is not borrowed from Mar. sajak, but rather vice versa, despite Ôåäîòîâ 2, 53.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sapakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"branch, bunchface="Times New Roman Star"âåòâü, êèñòü








face="Times New Roman Star"sapaq

face="Times New Roman Star"sabaq






face="Times New Roman Star"sabaq







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 391. The stem is usually regarded as derived from *sa.p 'handle' (see e.g. ÝÑÒß 7); the latter indeed also means 'stalk' and has a derivative *sa.pak 'handle, stalk'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sen|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"frazilface="Times New Roman Star"øóãà, ëåäÿíîå ñàëî



face="Times New Roman Star"sen| (B)face="Times New Roman Star"sa"n| (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"sen| (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"san




face="Times New Roman Star"sen|face="Times New Roman Star"sen|



face="Times New Roman Star"sen|

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 410 (without Chuv.; the Kypch. forms may be borrowed from Mong.), ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jap-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to lap 2 greedy 3 lickerishface="Times New Roman Star"1 ëàêàòü, æàäíî ïèòü 2 æàäíûé 3 ëàêîìûé









face="Times New Roman Star"jabylyg| 2 R 3, 281 (Koib., Kach.); c?apla-t- 1, c?apsyx 3
face="Times New Roman Star"japla-t- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"sabyrg|a:- 1












face="Times New Roman Star"A local Siberian root.
face="Times New Roman Star"*su"l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"leechface="Times New Roman Star"ïèÿâêà

face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"k, dial. su"lu"men, su"lenface="Times New Roman Star"su">li>kface="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"k (AH, Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"zulukface="Times New Roman Star"zu"lu"k
face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"x (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"k

face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"lu"k
face="Times New Roman Star"s@w|l@w|k



face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"k, zu"lu"kface="Times New Roman Star"su"li>kface="Times New Roman Star"su"li>kface="Times New Roman Star"hu">lu">k
face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"kface="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"kface="Times New Roman Star"su"li>k
face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"kface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 436, 425, Ëåêñèêà 185, ÝÑÒß 7. Initial z- in some forms may be due to the influence of Pers. zalu 'leech' (> Az. za"li).
face="Times New Roman Star"*sor/akface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"villageface="Times New Roman Star"äåðåâíÿface="Times New Roman Star"sozaq ( ? -u-) (OUygh.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 861, VEWT 429.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sAgutface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"dishes, vessel; instrumentface="Times New Roman Star"ïîñóäà, ñîñóä; îðóäèå, èíñòðóìåíò, óòâàðü, ñáðóÿ

face="Times New Roman Star"savut 'weapon'face="Times New Roman Star"sawytface="Times New Roman Star"sawut, saut (R.), saqyt (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"so|wutface="Times New Roman Star"sawut

face="Times New Roman Star"sowut (arch., dial.)








face="Times New Roman Star"so:tface="Times New Roman Star"sawytface="Times New Roman Star"sawytface="Times New Roman Star"hawytface="Times New Roman Star"sawut
face="Times New Roman Star"sawut, sag|ytface="Times New Roman Star"sawyt
face="Times New Roman Star"sawutface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 393-394. It may be possible to follow Ra"sa"nen and to derive the form *sagu-t from *sagu 'corn measure; pail' (see VEWT ibid., ÝÑÒß ibid., EDT 805), which would speak in favour of PT *-g-. On the other hand, cf. Karakh. savdyc? 'a basket plaited from twigs' (EDT 785). The specific synonymy 'vessel, dishes' : 'instrument, gear' and even 'weapon' (cf. KBalk. sawut 'weapon', MTurk. (Zenker) sawut 'arrow with long sharp end', Bashk. dial. t|awyt 'hunting knife') may in fact reflect a contamination with a quite different root, see *sag[u]n 'arrow, arrow head'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*japalface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"spleenface="Times New Roman Star"ñåëåçåíêà
















face="Times New Roman Star"c?avana, Todzh. (Ðàñ. ÔèË, 194) c?y'valface="Times New Roman Star"c?a'p`al









face="Times New Roman Star"An isolated Sayan root.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"dface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"throneface="Times New Roman Star"òðîíface="Times New Roman Star"bo"d (Orkh.)













face="Times New Roman Star"bu"tta"x, bitta"x (Ïåê.) 'cross-bar in a stool, cross-piece in a boat' (?)












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 82, EDT 298. The Yak. word may belong here if it is not derived from *bu"t- 'to end'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*buk-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to lie in ambush 2 to hideface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñèäåòü â çàñàäå 2 ïðÿòàòüñÿ



face="Times New Roman Star"buq- (Pav. C.: Abu-l-Gazi) 1face="Times New Roman Star"biq- 1


face="Times New Roman Star"buq- 2




face="Times New Roman Star"bu"k- 2 (Ïåê.)


face="Times New Roman Star"buq- 2face="Times New Roman Star"buq- 2face="Times New Roman Star"buq- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"buq- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"buq- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 248.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ju":l-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to be mad, crazy 2 anger 3 to be sexually excitedface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà 2 ãíåâ 3 áûòü â ñîñòîÿíèè ïîëîâîãî âîçáóæäåíèÿ











face="Times New Roman Star"d/u"l- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s/il@ 2face="Times New Roman Star"su":l- 3












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 213, ÝÑÒß 4, 33. Chuv. > Hung. gyu?lo"l 'be angry'. Forms like Kirgh. z?|o":lu"-, Uygh. z?|o"lu"- 'to go mad, speak in one's sleep' are obviously < Mong. z?|eg|u"le-, but the Chuv. and Yak. forms, as well as the Oyr. form d/u"l- seem to be archaic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Akan/aface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 gull 2 white partridgeface="Times New Roman Star"1 ÷àéêà 2 êóðîïàòêà









face="Times New Roman Star"ag|aja, ag|ajan| (Sag., Kach.) 'a k. of bird'face="Times New Roman Star"ag|yj 1




face="Times New Roman Star"ag|anaq 2










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 9.
face="Times New Roman Star"*kel/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 skin 2 gall between camel's front legsface="Times New Roman Star"1 øêóðà 2 ïîòåðòîñòü ìåæäó ïåðåäíèìè íîãàìè âåðáëþäà








face="Times New Roman Star"kes?ik 2






face="Times New Roman Star"ke's? 1










face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 60-61 (joining this root with kes? 'quiver' is hardly possible).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kynaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"helminthface="Times New Roman Star"ãëèñò









face="Times New Roman Star"xyna
face="Times New Roman Star"qyna





face="Times New Roman Star"qyna 'âðåäèòåëü õëåáíûõ çëàêîâ'








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 264.
face="Times New Roman Star"*byldur- (*buldyr-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a bird smaller than a grey partridge, quailface="Times New Roman Star"ðûæàÿ êóðîïàòêà, ñòåïíîé ðÿá÷èê

face="Times New Roman Star"byldyrz?|yn
face="Times New Roman Star"byldyrc?yn (Sangl., Houts., Bulgat)face="Times New Roman Star"bulduriq 'Steppenhuhn'

face="Times New Roman Star"byldyrc?yn (dial.)




face="Times New Roman Star"púw|ldúw|rz?|an (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"bylz?|yryt, byllyryt 'snipe'


face="Times New Roman Star"bulduruqface="Times New Roman Star"buldyryq




face="Times New Roman Star"buldyryq

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 309, TMN 2, 312, VEWT 73-74, ÝÑÒß 2, 305-306, Ëåêñèêà 173. Turk. > Russ. Siber. buld'ur'uk (Àíèêèí 140).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bogar/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"pregnant (of animals)face="Times New Roman Star"áåðåìåííàÿ (î æèâîòíûõ)


face="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"(to"l) bog|az (Oghuz-nama); bog|az, bog|uz (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"bu.g|o|zface="Times New Roman Star"bog|az
face="Times New Roman Star"bog|az (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"bog|azface="Times New Roman Star"po:s
face="Times New Roman Star"poosface="Times New Roman Star"poos
face="Times New Roman Star"buosface="Times New Roman Star"buosface="Times New Roman Star"boos
face="Times New Roman Star"boozface="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"bywad|face="Times New Roman Star"buwaz

face="Times New Roman Star"buwaz
face="Times New Roman Star"buwazface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 78, ÝÑÒß 2, 169, Stachowski 67. Turk. > WMong. bog|us, Kalm. bo:s (KW 54), Dag. bo:s (Òîä. Äàã. 127), see Clark 1980, 39.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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